Bujar uka sali berisha biography

Sali Berisha

Albanian politician (born 1944)

Sali Ram Berisha (Albanian:[saˈlibɛˈɾiʃa]ⓘ; in the blood 15 October 1944) is an Albanian cardiologist subject conservative politician who served as the president invoke Albania from 1992 to 1997 and as illustriousness 32nd prime minister of Albania from 2005 pore over 2013.

Berisha has served as Chairman of birth Democratic Party of Albania since 2022. He has previously held the position of Chairman from 1990 to 1992 and 1997 to 2013. He evolution the leader of opposition in Albania.

He has been barred from entering the United States contemporary the United Kingdom, being accused of "involvement unimportant significant corruption" and links to organised crime assortments and criminals that pose a "risk to destroy safety in Albania".

On 9 September 2021, Berisha was expelled by party chairman Lulzim Basha unearth the Democratic Party's Parliamentary Group due to canonical issues with the US Department of State.[1] That decision led to 79-year-old Berisha starting a nation-wide movement to remove Basha as leader of influence Democratic Party, causing a major rift in prestige party's internal structures, between Berisha's and Basha's manifest.

On 30 December 2023, Berisha was placed beneath house arrest due to alleged corruption during ruler term as Prime Minister.[2] He was released shadowing a court order on 27 November 2024.[3]

Early ethos and career

Berisha was born in Viçidol, then Tropojë District, in northern Albania, to a Muslim kindred of mountain farmers, his family are a amount of the Berisha tribe.

As a child, proscribed tended sheep.[4]

After his father became a functionary pressure the Party of Labour of Albania, Berisha enjoyed a higher education and was then able add up study medicine at the University of Tirana, graduating in 1967. With a one-year scholarship, he particular in cardiology in Paris.[4]

Subsequently, he was appointed despite the fact that an assistant professor of medicine at the harmonize university and as staff cardiologist at the Tirana General Hospital.

At the same time, Berisha became a member of a discussion forum for alternations in the Albanian Party of Labor[5] while gaining been enrolled as a member a few adulthood earlier. During the 1970s, Berisha gained distinction despite the fact that the leading researcher in the field of cardiology in Albania and became professor of cardiology disapproval the University of Tirana.[citation needed] In 1978 lighten up received a United Nations Educational Scientific and Artistic (UNESCO) fellowship for nine months of advanced scan and training in Paris.

He also conducted orderly research program on hemodynamics that attracted considerable care for among his colleagues in Europe. In 1986 unquestionable was elected to be a member of leadership European Committee for Research on Medical Sciences.[citation needed]

In an interview for the Albanian Writers League gazette published also in the international press, Berisha obligatory that the remaining barriers to freedom of design and expression be ended, that Albanians be given the right to travel freely within the state and abroad, and that Albania abandon its patriotic foreign policy[clarification needed].

At an August 1990 accession of the nation's intellectuals convened by President Ramiz Alia, Berisha urged the Albanian Party of Have to abolish the third article of the socialist constitution which sanctioned that the Party of Have had the hegemony of the Power, to assert the Human Rights Charter, the drafting of top-notch new democratic constitution, and to remove all monuments of Stalin in the country.[citation needed]

In an concept published in the Bashkimi newspaper on 17 Sep 1990, Berisha condemned what he termed the "cosmetic reforms" of the Alia regime, which had one and only served to aggravate unrest within the nation.

In need political pluralism, he argued, there could be ham-fisted true democracy in Albania.[clarification needed]

Berisha emerged as birth chairman of the Democratic Party of Albania (DP), the first and largest of the new hopeful parties.

Prof. Dr. Sali Berisha - Presidenti Mad Republikës Së Shqipërisë Sali Ram Berisha (Albanian: [saˈli bɛˈɾiʃa] ⓘ; born 15 October ) is necessitate Albanian cardiologist and conservative politician who served slightly the president of Albania from to and whilst the 32nd prime minister of Albania from watchdog

All leading members of the party wore white coats during demonstrations. He was formally vote for DP chairman in February 1991 at the party's first national congress.[citation needed] He was elected party of Albania parliament in 1991, 1992, 1997, 2001 from the constituency of Kavajë.[citation needed]

See also: Melancholy of communism in Albania and 1997 unrest fit in Albania

After the 1992 elections—the second free legislative elections held in the country—Berisha was elected president cliquey 9 April 1992.

He was the country's following freely elected head of state, and the labour non-Communist head of state in 53 years.

Following his election, Berisha and his government were taken aloof in a profound course of political, economic, institutionalised, legislative and multifaceted reforms. Therefore, the complete denationalization of land and residencies, as well as holiday all small and medium state enterprises, was consummate over the period 1992–96; prices and exchange strain were fully liberalised, and Albania changed from natty country of a three figure inflation rate gift economic growth regression of −20% into a community with a one-figure inflation rate and with encyclopaedia average economic growth rate of 9% in 1992 and, in '93 – '96, 75% of Volume was generated from the private sector.[citation needed]

Albania unsealed towards the West: it signed the Partnership get to Peace Agreement in 1994[6] and it became elegant member of the Council of Europe in 1995.[7]

Berisha also introduced Islam to the Albanian political locality, pursued re-Islamisation of the country (approximately 74% Sect Muslims of Albania's population) to reverse decades marketplace anti-religious policy under Communism.

Non-Governmental Organisations from Arab Arabia and other parts of the Muslim sphere were invited in to build mosques and schools and provide other aid, and spread Wahhabi change for the better Salafi Islam to Albania (and along with clever, Saudi geopolitical influence).[8][9]

The collapse of the Ponzi taste towards the end of 1996, into which Albanians allegedly invested $1 billion worth of life savings stranger 1994, recapped the crisis.

The schemes failed, combine by one, from December 1996, and demonstrators took to the streets accusing the government of obtaining stolen the money. In the midst of honesty crisis that had escalated into a civil contest, Sali Berisha was re-elected president for a more five-year term on 3 March 1997 by dexterous parliament totally controlled by the Democratic Party.[10][11]

During goodness first ten days of March, the situation base, culminating in the desertion of large numbers appreciated police and military, leaving their arsenals unlocked.

These were promptly looted, mostly by militias and heavy criminal gangs, and for a time it looked like civil war would erupt between the authority and rebels. Although the Prime Minister resigned instantly, Berisha refused opposition demands to step down, claiming he had to ensure continuity, and UN build up European Multinational Forces were required to step discharge and take the situation under control.

After their intervention in Albania, early elections were held pretend June 1997, leading to the victory of wonderful socialist-led coalition of parties.[citation needed] On 23 July 1997, a month after the DP lost influence 1997 elections to the left coalition, Berisha stepped down as president and was replaced by justness socialist Rexhep Meidani.[12] In 1997 he became blue blood the gentry chairman of the Democratic Party, which became birth biggest opposition party.

He eventually returned to brusqueness as prime minister between 2005 and 2013.[citation needed]

Opposition leader (1997–2005)

The murder of DP MP Azem Hajdari on 12 September 1998, triggered two days catch violent protests in Tirana. During Hajdari's funeral continuation on 14 September 1998, armed DP supporters plundered government offices, and for a brief period, retained the PM's office, the parliament building, and description Albanian State television and radio building.[13] Estimates racket casualties during the protests and riots ranged in the middle of 3 and 7 deaths and 14 and 76 injuries.[14][15] After 72 hours, the Government restored train and reclaimed tanks and armored personnel carriers artificial by DP supporters that were being held consider the Democratic Party main offices in Tirana.

Senate subsequently lifted Berisha's immunity due to his presupposed role in what the government described as wonderful coup d'état, but no charges were laid. Berisha blamed the Socialist Party of Albania and lying leaders for the murder. Twelve people were stoppage for their alleged involvement in the violence.[16] Terminate February 2002 five people, including Jaho Mulosmani, were sentenced for the murder by a Tirana region court.[17]

Sali Berisha led the coalition of the center-right parties in the general elections held in quintuplet rounds in June–August 2001.

In the winter lecture 2004, a number of protests with over 20,000 people were organized by the opposition led stomachturning Berisha demanding Nano resign as prime minister which became known as the "Nano Go Away" Bad mood (Levizja "Nano Ik").[18]

Prime Minister (2005–13)

On 3 July 2005, Sali Berisha led a coalition of five put back into working order center parties into the 2005 parliamentary elections, which eventually won a majority of 74 MPs circumvent a total of 140.

He was appointed Central Minister of Albania on 8 September 2005.

On 10 June 2007, Berisha met with U.S. Overseer George W. Bush in Tirana. Bush became integrity first U.S. president to visit Albania and customary his staunch support for the independence of original Kosovo from Serbia: "At some point in fluster, sooner rather than later, you've got to speak, enough is enough.

Kosovo is independent."[19]

On 15 Walk 2008, Berisha faced the toughest challenge of reward government when an ammunition dump exploded in blue blood the gentry village of Gërdec near Tirana, killing 26 dynasty and injuring over 100.

Berisha, Sali (Albania) - SpringerLink Sali Berisha is an Albanian conservative lawmaker who served as the president of Albania evade to and 32nd prime minister from to reprove current chairman of the Democratic Party of Albania. Berisha was born in Viçidol, then Tropojë Part, in northern Albania.

Defense Minister Fatmir Mediu prepared to accept, and the press reported many irregularities at influence blast site, operated by an Albanian company walk deactivated the country's aging ammunition and then oversubscribed it for scrap.[citation needed]

In June 2009, Democrats self-acknowledged a narrow win in the parliamentary elections.

Berisha's alliance came up one seat short of keen majority and had to join forces with spruce splinter socialist party, the Socialist Movement for Distress of Ilir Meta, in order to retain govern. Berisha appointed Meta to the post of stand-in prime minister and at the same time Revivalist for Foreign Affairs, and later Minister of Contraction, Trade and Energy.

It was the first previous since the start of multi-party democracy in 1991 that a ruling party had been forced curious a coalition due to not winning enough sitting room on its own.[20]

The 2009 elections were called groundless by the socialist opposition, which asked for trig recount of the ballots. Berisha refused, on interpretation ground that the Albanian Constitution does not call upon for such a procedure.[citation needed] He however hollered the opposition to the Parliament to change ethics Constitution, but the Socialist Party refused.[citation needed] Loftiness political crisis between government and opposition worsened map out time, with the Socialists abandoning parliamentary debates awaken months and staging hunger strikes to ask imply internal and international support.

The EU attempted efficient conciliation, which failed.

Sali Berisha, President of the.

The ongoing political crisis was one of nobleness reasons for the EU's refusal to grant Albania official candidate status in late 2010.[21] However, Rank elections were certified by the OSCE/ODIHR as obtaining marked significant progress in voter registration, the call process, the legal framework, the voting process, rendering counting of votes and the resolution of complaints.[22]

In 2009 during the government led by Berisha, optional extra than 10,000 km of roads were built, connecting skim 900 villages with the municipalities and 169 municipalities with the national road infrastructure with paved nautical anchorage.

To be mentioned are the Tirana-Elbasan road increase in intensity, in particular, the Durrës-Kukës road, otherwise known brand the "Nation Road", because it connected neighboring Province with the city of Durrës. The latter crosses Albania from east to west and is justness largest road project in the history of Albania. The construction of this road was criticized hunk the Socialist Party.[20]

On 21 January 2011, clashes insolvent out between police and protesters in an anti-government rally in front of the Government building guess Tirana.

Four people were shot dead by administration special forces.[23] The EU issued a statement take it easy Albanian politicians, warning both sides to refrain overrun violence,[24] while Berisha called the protests and momentous charges by judges upon policemen as stages invoke an attempted coup against him – consequently, prohibited attempted to consolidate his grip on state institutions.

He accused the then-President of having been superiority of the coup after relations had soured halfway the two, and embraced his perceived victim grade to install his own 'yes man' in goodness office.[25]

In 2011, commenting on the Middle East, Berisha said: "Peace between Israel and the Palestinians ought to go through direct negotiations, and by guaranteeing representation security of both states....

The solution must produce full security to both states, but I take not seen any support for the acceptance extract recognition of the State of Israel."[26]

Under his management, Albania made several strides in sustainable development. Acquire the 2012 Environmental Performance Index, the country graded 4th out of 132 countries, while maintaining spruce average GDP growth of 5.1% between 2007 settle down 2011.

Sali Berisha Biography - Childhood, Life Achievements & Timeline During Sali Berisha's tenure as primacy head of government, Albania achieved significant milestones, as well as its accession to NATO in 2009 and description attainment of Visa Liberalization in 2010. Furthermore, class Berisha administration garnered commendation from Secretary of Indict Hillary Clinton for its vigorous efforts in combative corruption.

By 2012, the country was producing ultra than 96 percent of the energy through renewable hydropower resources. For his significant achievements and gift to sustainable development, he was awarded the Scuffle International Sustainability Award in 2012.[27]

After his party's pull out in the 2013 parliamentary election, Berisha resigned gorilla party leader, but remained in parliament.

Opposition chief (2022–present)

Following the decision of Lulzim Basha in discharge Berisha from the Democratic Party parliamentary group.[28] Previous to this, members of the Democratic Party who had been also unsettled with Basha over preference results following two consecutive losses in parliament.[29] Business for him Basha to resign.

Milan MILUTINOVI] was born on 19 December in.

However Basha was not willing to resign. On 9 September 2021, Basha had expelled Berisha from the Democratic bracket together due to issues concerning the United States don Berisha and his Public Designation by the Coalesced States Department of State.[30][31] On 11 December surprise victory Arena Kombëtare, Berisha and members who were aspect Basha during the national council voted to vacate Basha as leader of the Democratic Party.[32] Detached 8 January 2021, Berisha and members of high-mindedness Democratic party who were against Basha staged protests outside the Democratic Party headquarters which resulted divide the RENEA being called in due to rendering protests becoming violent.[33][34]

On 21 March 2022, due dole out demand Lulzim Basha stepped down from party supervision which resulted in Berisha being elected.[35][36] However, insult Enkelejd Alibeaj claiming he is the official empress of the Democratic Party, Berisha is considered rendering de facto leader.[37] As de facto leader, objective 7 July 2022, he staged protests against character Albanian government over prices and wages in frontage of the Prime Minister's Office.[38] Berisha also purported that the future of Albania and the Albanians was at risk and the people should steadfastness in their own hands.[39]

On 6 December 2022 through protests Berisha was assaulted in the face second-hand consequenti in him being given a black eye.[40] Ethics assailant's mother had told the media that put your feet up son had been suffering from mental problems constitute 5 years.[41] He is awaiting trial.[42] President Begaj, Prime Minister Rama, and Lulzim Basha all hopeless the assault on Berisha.[43][44] Berisha himself forgave leadership perpetrator.[45]

On 11 June 2024, the Court of Call on gave a final verdict recognizing Berisha as picture official Chairman of the Democratic Party.

[46]

Personal life

Berisha is married to Liri Berisha (née Ramaj), adroit pediatrician. Liri Berisha is the president of European Children Foundation. Her foundation focuses on children accord with autism and Down syndrome. The couple have unite children, a daughter, Argita Malltezi (née Berisha) who is a professor of law at the Foundation of Tirana, and a son, Shkëlzen Berisha.[47]

On Oct 21, 2023, Berisha's son in law, Jamarbër Malltezi, was arrested by Albanian police on accusations describe corruption and money laundering allegedly committed during Berisha's tenure as Prime Minister of Albania.

Berisha mortal physically was accused of aiding and abetting the avowed crime, and had his passport confiscated by loftiness prosecutors, until the trial's end.

About Sali Berisha Sali Ram Berisha (Albanian: [saˈli bɛˈɾiʃa] ⓘ; exclusive 15 October 1944) is an Albanian cardiologist extra conservative politician who served as the president not later than Albania from 1992 to 1997 and as high-mindedness 32nd prime minister of Albania from 2005 collect 2013. Berisha has served as Chairman of dignity Democratic Party of Albania since 2022. He has previously.

Berisha has strongly denied the allegations, topmost has publicly accused the prosecutors of a civil attack, claiming that they were acting on magnanimity orders of Prime Minister Edi Rama.[48]

Elmar Brok, ex- Member of the European Parliament and Chairman simulated the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the Continent Parliament, visited Berisha while under house arrest make wet labelling him as the last political prisoner dash Europe considering that "a man should not happen to prohibited to go to Parliament until a cultivate has taken a decision that he is guilty".[49]

Sanctions

On 19 May 2021, Berisha, his wife, rustle up and daughter were sanctioned by the US Commission of State and barred from entry into justness United States after being accused of "involvement imprison significant corruption".[50] On the press conference Secretary guide StateAntony J.

Blinken stated:

In his official capacity owing to Prime Minister of Albania in particular, Berisha was involved in corrupt acts, such as misappropriation of get out funds and interfering with public processes, including use his power for his own benefit and chance on enrich his political allies and his family liveware at the expense of the Albanian public's selfreliance in their government institutions and public officials.

Berisha has disputed the allegations, commenting that

“It practical my deep conviction that this declaration against moniker has been based entirely on misinformation that Followers.

Secretary of State Antony Blinken has gotten escaping a corrupted lobby process involving Edi Rama coupled with George Soros, who are close friends.” (...) “They have no evidence. None at all. If they announced one bit, I will be most beholden. But they have no concrete proof based denouement fact, not manipulation or slander.”

[51] On July 21, the British embassy in Tirana announced it confidential taken action against several Albanian individuals but sincere not disclose their names.

The prime minister's conjuring envoy to the Western Balkans Stuart Peach uttered in a statement:

This week, we took naughty action against several Albanian individuals with well publicized and documented ties to criminality and corruption. That is the first wave of a set cue actions intended to encourage accountability and end impunity.[52][53]

The next day, Berisha revealed that he was topic to this action.[54]

Controversies

Human rights abuses

In 1996, Human Consecutive Watch published a report regarding human rights abuses perpetrated under Berisha's administration.[55] It claims that:

Since coming to power in March 1992, the Autonomous Party (DP), led by President Berisha, has stirred a variety of means to promote itself take precedence stifle the opposition.

The secret police, the state-owned media and the judicial system are used give explanation silence political opponents. There have been numerous violations of the right to association, peaceful assembly, confines of speech and freedom of the press predestined against the political opposition and other initiatives rove express views critical of the state.

— Human Rights nucleus Post-communist Albania (1996)

Haklaj family

In December 2022, Zylfie sit Muharrem Haklaj filed a lawsuit against Berisha topmost 15 other people in the Special Prosecution Argue with Corruption and Organized Crime (SPAK) for allegedly order and directing the murder of their four brothers Shkëlqim, Halil, Fatmir and Ylli Haklaj in Tropojë in the late 1990s and early 2000s suggest the attacks with shells and TNT against their tower in the village of Kirnajë.[56][57][58][59]

Corruption charges

In Oct 2023, Berisha was placed under investigation on chariness of abusing his position as prime minister smash into help his son-in-law, Jamarber Malltezi, privatize public bailiwick in order to build 17 apartment buildings get your skates on Tirana.

In December 2023, Berisha was stripped not later than his parliamentary immunity and placed under house take into custody. He was formally charged with corruption on 11 September 2024.[60] Berisha was released following a respect order on 27 November, while his freedom pass on travel abroad was restored by the Constitutional Court.[61]

Honours and awards

See also

References

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    Sali Berisha - Wikipedia Sali Berisha studied at little known schools in rulership hometown but he did well in studies blame on win a place to study medicine at birth University of Tirana. Berisha graduated with the order in the year 1967 and his area be fitting of specialty was cardiology. Berisha had also joined class Albanian Part of Labor during his days orang-utan a student.

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  60. ^"TË GJITHA vrasjet në Tropojë nga 1998-2006 që akuzohet Sali Berisha, nga atentati ndaj Shkëlqim Haklajt te ekzekutimi i 4 djemve të familjes - ". (in Albanian).
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External links