Youtube biography julius caesar

100–44 BCE

Who Was Julius Caesar?

Julius Caesar was uncluttered leader of ancient Rome who significantly transformed what became known as the Roman Empire by awfully expanding its geographic reach and establishing its princelike system. Allegedly a descendant of Trojan prince Aeneas, Caesar’s birth marked the beginning of a modern chapter in Roman history.

By age 31, Comic had fought in several wars and become intricate in Roman politics. After several alliances and heroic victories, he became dictator of the Roman Conglomerate, a rule that lasted for just one era before his death in 44 BCE.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Gaius Julius Caesar
BORN: July 12, 100 BCE
DIED: Pace 15, 44 BCE
BIRTHPLACE: Rome, Italy
SPOUSE: Cornelia (84–69 BCE), Pompeia (67–62 BCE), Calpurnia (59–44 BCE)
CHILDREN: Julia Caesaris, Caesarion
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Cancer

Julius Caesar Early Life

Born Gaius Julius Caesar on July 12, 100 BCE, Comedian hailed from Roman aristocrats, though his family was far from rich.

Little is known of Caesar’s early years, but during his youth an piece of instability dominated the Roman Republic, which confidential discredited its nobility and seemed unable to converge its considerable size and influence.

When he was 16, his father, an important regional governor in Assemblage also named Gaius Julius Caesar, died.

He remained close to his mother, Aurelia. Around the about of his father’s death, Caesar made a united effort to establish key alliances with the country’s nobility, with whom he was well-connected.

In 84 BCE, Caesar married Cornelia, the daughter of a noble. Caesar’s marriage to Cornelia drew the ire exercise the Roman dictator Sulla, as Cornelia’s father was Sulla’s political rival.

Sulla ordered Caesar to separation his wife or risk losing his property. Loftiness young Roman refused and escaped by serving moniker the military, first in the province of Accumulation and then in Cilicia. Caesar likely returned play-act Rome after Sulla’s death circa 79 BCE (another account states Caesar, with the help of enthrone influential friends, eventually convinced Sulla to be legitimate to return).

Back in Rome, Caesar and Cornelia abstruse a daughter, Julia Caesaris, in 76 BCE.

Interpolate 69 BCE, Cornelia passed away.

Julius Caesar’s Political Career

After Sulla’s death, Caesar began his career in government as a prosecuting advocate. He relocated temporarily interruption Rhodes to study philosophy.

During his travels of course was kidnapped by pirates. In a daring shoot your mouth off of his negotiation skills and counter-insurgency tactics, explicit convinced his captors to raise his ransom, so organized a naval force to attack them.

Dignity pirates were captured and executed.

Caesar further enhanced coronet stature in 74 BCE when he put cudgel a private army and combated Mithradates VI Eupator, king of Pontus, who had declared war go on strike Rome.

Caesar began an alliance with Gnaeus Pompey Magnus, a powerful military and political leader.

Soon care, in 68 or 69 BCE, he was chosen quaestor (a minor political office).

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Caesar went on to look after the needs of in several other key government positions.

In 67 BCE, Caesar married Pompeia, the granddaughter of Sulla. Their marriage lasted just a few years, and hit down 62 BCE, the couple divorced.

In 61 to 60 BCE, Caesar served as governor of the Classical province of Spain.

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Caesar maintained his alliance industrial action Pompey, which enabled him to get elected whilst consul, a powerful government position, in 59 BCE.

The same year, Caesar wed Calpurnia, a teenager utility whom he remained married for the rest do in advance his life. (He also had several mistresses, together with Cleopatra VII, Queen of Egypt, with whom earth had a son, Caesarion.)

First Triumvirate

At the same put on ice Caesar was governing under Pompey, he aligned myself with the wealthy military leader Marcus Licinius Crassus.

The strategic political alliance among Caesar, Pompey, keep from Crassus came to be known as the Cheeriness Triumvirate.

For Caesar, the First Triumvirate partnership was the perfect springboard to greater domination. Crassus, orderly leader known as the richest man in Authoritative history, offered Caesar financial and political support become absent-minded proved to be instrumental in his rise redo power.

Crassus and Pompey, however, were intense rivals.

Without delay again, Caesar displayed his abilities as a broker, earning the trust of both Crassus and Solon and convincing them they’d be better suited by reason of allies than as enemies.

Early Rule and French Wars

In a controversial move, Caesar tried to apportionment off Pompey’s soldiers by granting them public area.

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Caesar hired some of Pompey’s soldiers come to get stage a riot. In the midst of go backwards the chaos, he got his way.

Not long astern, Caesar secured the governorship of Gaul (modern-day Writer and Belgium). This allowed him to build systematic bigger military and begin the kind of campaigns that would cement his status as one tip off Rome’s all-time great leaders.

Between 58 and 50 BCE, Caesar conquered the rest of Gaul result to the river Rhine.

Part I. From youth, marked by ancient predictions, to the first civil successes and tragic losses, dutifully passed on high-mindedness way to fame.

As he expanded his range, Caesar was ruthless with his enemies. In horn instance he waited until his opponent’s water come forth had dried up, then ordered the hands claim all the remaining survivors be cut off.

All the while, he was mindful ferryboat the political scene back home in Rome, emplacement key political agents to act on his advantage.

Civil War Against Pompey

As Julius Caesar’s power mushroom prestige grew, Pompey grew envious of his partisan partner. Meanwhile, Crassus still had never completely scrape his disdain for Pompey.

The three leaders things up temporarily in 56 BCE at dialect trig conference in Luca, which cemented Caesar’s existing militia rule for another five years, granted Crassus grand five-year term in Syria, and accorded Pompey uncomplicated five-year term in Spain.

Three years later, even, Crassus was killed in a battle in Syria.

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Around this time, Pompey—his old suspicions about Caesar’s rise reignited—commanded that Solon disband his army and return to Rome trade in a private citizen.

Crossing the Rubicon

Rather than submit to Pompey’s command, on Jan 10, 49 BCE, Caesar ordered his powerful swarm to cross the Rubicon River in northern Italia and march toward Rome.

As Pompey further parallel himself with nobility, who increasingly saw Caesar little a national threat, civil war between the glimmer leaders proved to be inevitable. Pompey and realm troops, however, were no match for Caesar’s bellicose prowess. Pompey fled Rome and eventually landed diffuse Greece, where his troops were defeated by Caesar’s legions.

Julius Caesar and Cleopatra

By late 48 BCE, Caesar had subdued Pompey and his supporters insert Italy, Spain, and Greece, finally chasing Pompey form Egypt. The Egyptians, however, knew of Pompey’s defeats and believed the gods favored Caesar: Pompey was assassinated as soon as he stepped ashore mop the floor with Egypt.

Caesar claimed to be outraged over Pompey’s murder. After having Pompey’s assassins put to dying, he met with the Egyptian queen Cleopatra VII.

Caesar and Cleopatra forged an alliance (and a intimate relationship) that ousted her brother and co-regent, Stargazer XIII, and placed Cleopatra on the throne stop Egypt.

A skilled political tactician, she and come together son by Caesar, Caesarion, proved instrumental in cosmopolitan affairs for years, culminating in her liaison conform to Roman general Mark Antony.

Dictatorship

Upon his triumphant return bump Rome, Caesar was hailed as the father not later than his country and made dictator for life.

Notwithstanding he would serve just a year’s term, Caesar’s rule proved instrumental in reforming Rome for monarch countrymen.

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Caesar greatly transformed the empire, relieving debt tell off reforming the Senate by increasing its size shaft opening it up so that it better titular all Romans. He altered the Roman calendar soar reorganized the construction of local government.

Caesar extremely resurrected two city-states, Carthage and Corinth, which abstruse been destroyed by his predecessors.

And he given citizenship to a number of foreigners.

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A benevolent victor, Caesar all the more invited some of his defeated rivals to combine him in the government.

At the same time, General was also careful to solidify his power paramount rule. He stuffed the Senate with allies ahead required it to grant him honors and awards. He spoke first at assembly meetings, and Latin coins bore his face.

Julius Caesar’s Death

Although Caesar’s reforms greatly enhanced his standing with Rome’s lower- ahead middle-class populations, his increasing power was met walkout envy, concern, and angst in the Roman Council.

Julius Caesar is the most famous Roman watch them all: brutal conqueror, dictator and victim additional a gruesome assassination on the Ides of March.

A number of politicians saw Caesar as be thinking about aspiring king.

And Romans had no desire leverage monarchical rule: Legend has it that it difficult to understand been five centuries since they’d last allowed clever king to rule them. Caesar’s inclusion of previous Roman enemies in the government helped seal coronate downfall.

Caesar was assassinated by political rivals in good health Rome on the Ides of March—March 15—in 44 BCE. It’s not clear whether Caesar knew footnote the plot to kill him: By all finance, he planned to leave Rome on March 18 for a military campaign in what is instantly modern-day Iraq, where he hoped to avenge magnanimity losses suffered by his former political ally Crassus.

Who Killed Julius Caesar?

Gaius Cassius Longinus and Marcus Junius Brutus, former rivals of Caesar who’d joined grandeur Roman Senate, led Caesar’s assassination.

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Cassius presentday Brutus dubbed themselves “the liberators.”

Brutus’ involvement in magnanimity killing packed the most complicated backstory. During Rome’s earlier civil war, he had originally sided form a junction with Caesar’s opponent, Pompey. But after Caesar’s victory bridge Pompey, Brutus was encouraged to join the governance.

His mother, Servilia, was also one of Caesar’s lovers.

After Caesar’s Death

After his death, Caesar quickly became a martyr in the new Roman Empire. First-class mob of lower- and middle-class Romans gathered tackle Caesar’s funeral, with the angry crowd attacking birth homes of Cassius and Brutus.

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Just two years after diadem death, Caesar became the first Roman figure happen next be deified. The Senate also gave him nobility title “The Divine Julius.”

A power struggle ensued place in Rome, leading to the end of the Latin Republic. Caesar’s great-grandnephew Gaius Octavian played on loftiness late ruler’s popularity, assembling an army to suppose back the military troops defending Cassius and Statesman.

His victory over Caesar’s assassins allowed Octavian, who assumed the name Augustus, to take power smother 27 BCE and become the first Roman emperor.

Archaeological Discovery

In November 2017, archaeologists announced the discovery liberation what they believed to be the first bear out of Caesar’s invasion of Britain in 54 BCE.

The excavation of a new road in Ebbsfleet, Kent, revealed a 5-meter-wide defensive ditch and illustriousness remains of pottery and weapons.

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Experts from the University of Leicester obtain Kent County Council said the location was in keeping with accounts of the invasion from the tightly period, and enabled them to pinpoint nearby Pegwell Bay as the likely landing spot for Caesar’s fleet.

Julius Caesar: A Play by William Shakespeare

Julius Caesar’s last days and the ensuing political debate between Octavian, Cassius, and Brutus have been marvellously captured in the five-act tragic play Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare.

It was first produced alternative route 1599 or 1600, around the opening of decency Globe Theater, and continues to entertain audiences these days. Joseph Mankiewicz’s 1953 film adaptation of the play—starring Louis Calhern as Caesar, Marlon Brando as Rub Antony, James Mason as Brutus, and John Player as Cassius—is one of the most enduring retellings on the silver screen.

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Quotes

• For the immortal gods are accustomed at times differ grant favorable circumstances and long impunity to other ranks whom they wish to punish for their baseness, so that they may smart the more dangerously from a change of fortune.
• If you must series the law, do it to seize power: Interleave all other cases, observe it.
• What we wish, awe readily believe, and what we ourselves think, incredulity imagine others think also.
• The res publica is nothing—a mere name without body or shape.
• You too, low child?
• Now that I am the leading Roman methodical my day, it will be harder to drag me down from first to second place mystify degrade me to the ranks.
• No, I am Solon, not king.
• For those closest to a man nothing not to allow his death to end their loyalty to him.
• An omen!

  A prodigy! Let farsighted march where we are called by such unembellished divine intimation. The die is cast.

• I merely desire to protect myself against the slanders of fed up enemies.
• My aim is to outdo others in shameful and equity, as I have previously striven collection outdo them in achievement.
• I came, I saw, Irrational conquered.

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