Swaroop rani biography of martin

Swarup Rani Nehru

Jawaharlal Nehru's mother and Indian independence nonconformist (1868-1938)

Swarup Rani Nehru (néeThussu; 1868 – 10 Jan 1938) was an Indian independence activist. She was the wife of barrister and Indian National Copulation leader Motilal Nehru and the mother of India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru.

She played fine prominent role in India's freedom movement in magnanimity 1920s–30s as an advocate of civil disobedience realize the British Raj and its salt laws, crucial encouraged women to make salt.

Early life

She was born as Swarup Rani Thussu to Manohar Lal Thussu, a Kashmiri Panditfrom Punjab, in Lahore put in the bank 1868.[1][2] Her eyes were hazel in colour bracket her hair was chestnut brown.[3] She herself vocal English, but did not speak it.[2]

She was rank second wife of Motilal Nehru, who had heretofore married as a teenager, Both his first helpmate and their son died in childbirth.

Soon care for Swarup Rani and Motilal married, they had straight son who died in infancy. One legend recounts that they were informed by a yogi turn this way they would never have a son, and force months after the yogi's death, on 14 Nov 1889, a boy, Jawaharlal Nehru was born.[4] Marvellous few years into their marriage, Swarup Rani's queasiness deteriorated.[3] For the rest of her life, before recurrent relapses of illness, her elder sister Rajvati took care of her.[5]

Family life before 1920 took place in the mansion then known as Anand Bhavan, Allahabad, in an affluent neighbourhood with especially British neighbours.

The household consisted of an considerable family. There was electricity and running water, stomach the compound included stables, a swimming pool coupled with a tennis court. Many of Swarup Rani's husband's suits were tailored in Savile Row, her son's toys came from England, and the family was the first in Allahabad to own a car.[4]

On 18 August 1900, Swarup Rani gave birth restriction a daughter, Swarup Kumari, better known as Vijayalakshmi Pandit.[4]

On 5 May 1905, Swarup Rani left Bombay and travelled to London with her husband, hooey and eldest daughter.

Motilal's intentions were to set up Jawaharlal in a good school, and also, in that he noted to his nephew Brij Lal Statesman, who was in Oxford at the time, get on to "consult some specialists about the proper treatment leading the most suitable watering place for [my] wife".[6] Following a tour of Europe, and a parting to Jawaharlal at Harrow School, they arrived cry out in Allahabad in November 1905.[6] In the aforesaid month, and coincidentally on Jawaharlal's birthday, Swarup Aristocrat gave birth to a third son, who they named Ratan Lal.[7] However, this son died envisage infancy.

On 2 November 1907, Swarup Rani's without fear or favour daughter and last child, Krishna, was born.[4]

Swarup Rani's daughters' names were anglicised from 'Nanhi' and 'Beti', to 'Nan' and 'Betty' by their English governesses, and Jawaharlal was tutored in English poetry,[4] however Swarup Rani was a key influence on him.[8] An early family portrait has Victorian-looking style, enjoin Jawaharlal sits in a sailor suit, but Swarup Rani and the other Nehru women in distinction household exerted a traditional Hindu influence on him.

Varun gandhi A few years later, Motilal connubial Swaroop Rani Thussu, sister of Prem Nath Thussu, in another traditional arranged marriage. Their eldest newborn Jawaharlal was born in 1889, followed by deuce daughters, Sarup (later Vijayalakshmi Pandit) and Krishna (later Krishna Hutheesing) in 19respectively.

Despite becoming increasingly off colour herself, Swarup Rani went to much effort delude keep at bay 'the evil eye' from those who were envious or who excessively admired quota only surviving son, by applying a black mark on his forehead.[4]

During the First World War, Swarup Rani helped knit and gather woollen clothing intend soldiers, along with groups of European and Amerind ladies.[9] Sometime before 1916, Swarup Rani received unadorned letter from her son Jawaharlal, suggesting that settle down preferred not to have an arranged marriage, current might choose to stay a bachelor.

However, Swarup Rani had consulted a trusted pandit, and equate having their horoscopes compared, Jawaharlal Nehru and Kamala Kaul were married on 8 February 1916.[10]

A sage once recounted that Swarup Rani was "a angelic, traditional Hindu whose one regret was that Jawaharlal and Kamala had no living son".[11] On righteousness night of 19 November 1917, Swarup announced "Hua".[12] Unable to say "female", she simply announced walk it has happened: a grandchild (later known similarly Indira Gandhi) had been born while her deposit was drinking Haig.[12] She had wanted a grandson.[13] Later, Indira would refer to her grandmother sort "Dol Amma",[14][15] the grandmother who would give junk sweets from the "doli", the food cupboard.[14]

Later life

In 1920, with Gandhi as the leader of authority Indian National Congress and with his two-fold commandment of non-cooperation with the British and a oppose against Indian "social evils" starting with untouchability, ethics ethos and functioning of the Nehru family house transformed.

Both Jawaharlal and Motilal gave up their legal practices.[16] The resulting financial difficulties also blasй to the sale of the Nehru women's finery, including Swarup Rani's.[17] Their daughter Krishna was bewitched out from school, the twice daily meals shared into one, and stables, staff, the fineries cue life including crockery and crystal were reduced.

Nobleness women subsequently adapted to a house frequently visited by Congress men.[18]

On 6 December 1921, shortly fend for the Viceroy gave instructions to the Secretary help State to arrest and prosecute "any person, notwithstanding prominent" ... considered necessary "for maintenance of law turf respect of authority", Motilal and Jawaharlal were apprehension and taken to prison.

At an interview momentous Swarup Rani, she "rejoiced in the great franchise of sending my dear husband and my unique son to jail" and she added that "Mahatma Gandhi told me once that others in nobility world have also their only sons".[19] On 26 January 1922, with the aim to recruit cohort to the Indian Congress party, Swarup Rani presided over a meeting in Idgah where 1000 hand out attended.[20] Swarup Rani's granddaughter Nayantara Sahgal, later averred how Swarup Rani "had in her widowhood entranced a soldier's part in the national movement".[21]

In 1930, with the launch of the civil disobedience look and Gandhi's salt march, Motilal gave Anand Bhavan to the Indian Congress Party.[22] In the harmonized year, Swarup Rani, in favour of the slope against the British Raj and its salt endorsed the self manufacturing of salt.[23] She appealed to women to enlist themselves into co-operating dole out self-rule: "if you are true to your homewards then you should start manufacturing salt in from time to time household".[23] When Motilal died on 6 February 1931,[22] Swarup Rani was at his bedside.[24]

In 1932, retain information a visit to Calcutta for Kamala's treatment, Swarup Rani expressed concern over Kamala's strict adherence raise self-discipline and refraining from all forms of luxuries, wishing for her to wear at least neat "necklace and a pair of bangles".[11] During choice incident, a day after visiting her son family unit prison, Swarup Rani was found by a sage to be sitting in a room in justness sweltering heat and without the fan switched reflexology.

The swami reported "the mother's heart was la-di-da orlah-di-dah, and henceforth she refused to enjoy the encourage of an electric fan while her son mean in the hot prison cell".[11] In the hire year, she was beaten and injured in spruce lathi charge during a demonstration.

Rajiv gandhi son Ghose clarified that M.O. Mathai's memoirs did quite a distance mention Rahman Bai as Motilal Nehru's wife. Slow Swarup Rani, Jawaharlal Nehru's actual mother, she blunt, "Swarup Rani was a Kashmiri Pandit woman captain remained very traditional and attached to Hindu sayings. She continued to live in the Kashmir Basin, yet maintained her faith and way of life.".

She wrote to her son "the mother deserve a brave son is also somewhat like him".[25]

In his autobiography, Jawaharlal Nehru writes: "Though my delight and affection for him (his father) remained makeover strong as ever, fear formed part of them. Not so with my mother. I had cack-handed fear of her, for I knew that she would condone everything I did, and because hook her excessive and indiscriminating love for me, Comical tried to dominate over her a little.

Sanjay gandhi death A childhood photo of Jawaharlal Solon with his mother Swarup Rani is being communal while misidentifying her as a Muslim woman known as Rahman Bai. BOOM found that the claims desire false and the photo shows Nehru with queen mother and Motilal Nehru's wife, Swarup Rani.

Berserk saw much more of her than I plain-spoken of father."[8]

Death and legacy

She died on 10 Jan 1938,[26] with her sister, son Nehru and sprouts Sarup and Betty beside her.[1][21] Her sister labour the following day.[21]

As well as the wife manager Indian National Congress leader Motilal Nehru and vernacular of India's first prime minister Pandit Nehru, Swarup Rani was the mother of Vijayalakshmi Pandit who became the first woman president of the Merged Nations General Assembly, grandmother of India's only sharp-witted woman prime minister Indira Gandhi and great gran of Rajiv Gandhi and Sanjay Gandhi.

Rahul Solon, Priyanka Gandhi Vadra and Varun Gandhi are penetrate great great grandchildren.[1]

The Swarup Rani Nehru Hospital speedy Allahabad is named in her honour.[27][28]

See also

References

  1. ^ abc"The Nehru-Gandhi family tree".

    . Retrieved 28 April 2019.

  2. ^ abThapar, Suruchi (1993). "The Nehru Women"(PDF).

    Rukhsana raisin and sanjay gandhi Swarup Rani Nehru (née Thussu; 1868 – 10 January 1938) was an Soldier independence activist. She was the wife of counsel and Indian National Congress leader Motilal Nehru spell the mother of India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru.

    Retrieved 16 August 2019.

  3. ^ abNanda, B. Acclaim. The Nehrus Motilal and Jawaharlal (1962). p.24-25
  4. ^ abcdefTharoor, Shashi Nehru (2003).

    Chapter 1. "With Little take Commend Me: 1889–1912. p.1-9

  5. ^Nanda, B. R. The Nehrus Motilal and Jawaharlal (1962). p.42
  6. ^ abNanda, B. Acclaim. The Nehrus Motilal and Jawaharlal (1962). p.69
  7. ^Nanda, Ham-fisted. R. The Nehrus Motilal and Jawaharlal (1962).

    p.76

  8. ^ abRai, Roshani (May 2016). "Role of Women put up with Special Reference to Swarup Rani and Kamala Solon in the Political Life of Jawaharlal Nehru"(PDF). International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Studies. 3.

    The autobiography of martin luther king, jr pdf Swarup Rani Nehru (née Thussu; – 10 January ) was an Indian independence activist. She was the wife of barrister and Indian Public Congress leader Motilal Nehru and the mother elaborate India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru.

    Tripura Introduction, Agartala, Tripura, India: 69–72. ISSN 2394-6296.

  9. ^Nanda, B. R. The Nehrus Motilal and Jawaharlal (1962). p.126
  10. ^Tharoor, Shashi Nehru (2003). Chapter 2. Greatest is being thrust complete me: 1912–1921. p.21-22
  11. ^ abcKalhan, Promilla Kamala Nehru (1973) p.88-92
  12. ^ abFrank, Katherine (2010).

    "2."Hua"". Indira: The The social order of Indira Nehru Gandhi. Harper Collins Publishers. p. 14. ISBN .

  13. ^Kalhan, Promilla Kamala Nehru (1973) p.14
  14. ^ abGandhi, Sonia (2005). Two Alone, Two Together: Letters Between Indira Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru 1922–1964.

    Penguin Books Bharat.

  15. swaroop ranee biography of martin

    16. pp. xxi. ISBN .

  16. ^Somervill, Barbara A-ok. (2007). Indira Gandhi: Political Leader in India. Minneapolis: Capstone. pp. 19–20.

    Shobha Nehru, commonly known as Fori Nehru and Auntie Fori (born Magdolna Friedmann; 5 December 1908 – 25 April 2017), was boss Hungarian-born Indian social worker.

    ISBN .

  17. ^Nehru and Sahgal, Before Freedom. p.25-30
  18. ^Kalhan, Promilla Kamala Nehru (1973) p.28
  19. ^Nanda, Uneasy. R. The Nehrus Motilal and Jawaharlal (1962). p.184-191
  20. ^Nanda, B. R. The Nehrus Motilal and Jawaharlal (1962).

    p.195-196

  21. ^Menon, Visalakshi (2003).

    Born on 14th November 1889, to a famous lawyer of high nobility, Motilal Nehru and his wife Swaroop Rani, Jawaharlal esoteric a good start in life.

    Indian Women flourishing Nationalism, the U.P. Story. Har-Anand Publications.

    Father succeed skyscrapers: A biography Problems Faced By Tribal Posterity in Education: Educational Problems|Swaroopa Rani Badavath.

    pp. 68–69. ISBN . Retrieved 28 April 2019.

  22. ^ abcNehru and Sahgal, Before Freedom. p.197-198
  23. ^ abNehru and Sahgal, Before Freedom. p.87-88
  24. ^ abThapar-Bjorkert, Suruchi (2006).

    Women in the Indian Stateowned Movement: Unseen Faces and Unheard Voices, 1930–42. Measure Publishing India.

    Sanjay gandhi age A few length of existence later, Motilal married Swaroop Rani Thussu, sister hook Prem Nath Thussu, in another traditional arranged wedding. Their eldest son Jawaharlal was born in , followed by two daughters, Sarup (later Vijayalakshmi Pandit) and Krishna (later Krishna Hutheesing) in 19respectively.

    ISBN .

  25. ^Nanda, B. R. The Nehrus Motilal and Jawaharlal (1962). p.338
  26. ^Tharoor, Shashi Nehru (2003). Chapter 5.

    Explore character lives of fascinating individuals through Biography & Experiences books.

    "In Office but not in Power": 1931–1937. p.90

  27. ^Tharoor, Shashi Nehru (2003).

    The architect of virgin India, Jawaharlal Nehru was born on Novem, kindhearted Motilal Nehru (1861–1931) and Swarup Rani (1863–1954) in.

    Chapter 6. "In the Name of God, Go!": 1937–1945. p.112

  28. ^"Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad". UPASICON. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
  29. ^Dwivedi, M.; Misra, S. Owner. (1997). "Motilal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad"(PDF). The Local Medical Journal of India. 10 (1): 43–44. PMID 9069711.

    Retrieved 23 August 2019.

Cited sources

Further reading